Illness/Sickness: UPDATED, PLEASE HELP!!!!: Tubbed axolotl for parasite treatment but stopped pooping

midnight17101

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Hello all,

First time post here. I have a juvenile axolotl that is about 8 inches long. During a fecal flotation coccidia and "heavy hookworm-like parasites" were found. He went through a 7 day course of trimethoprim which was injected into earthworm pieces (cut to size) and is due to start a round of Panacur (also injected into earthworm pieces). He had a suppressed appetite while taking the trimethoprim and was having loose stools during the course of that medication. He had always had very well formed stools for the 3 months that we had him and his first loose/stringy stool came the day before the medication started. He has been tubbed for about 3 weeks now and I have an identical tub (24"x18") that he is moved between once or twice daily so he can stay in fresh water as much as possible during the tubbing. His last poop was the night before his last dose of trimethoprim. Since stopping the medication and also switching from large Petsmart earthworms to the smaller earthworms from The Mottled Lotl, his appetite has roared back, but he hasn't pooped in over 12 days now. The vet said that we may need to do an x-ray to check for any blockages, but they haven't had me bring him in yet since his appetite is so good and they think he'll likely poop soon. He rests for most of the day each day but constantly swims laps/paces in the tub at night. He always lived in his 40 gallon breeder tank in my daughter's room until he was tubbed in my room so I never got a chance to see his night time activity until he was tubbed. He takes the smaller night crawlers more aggressively than he ever did the larger ones that he used to eat and looks up at me whenever I come near his tub during the day and snaps at the surface as if to say he is hungry. I am just afraid to over feed him since he isn't pooping recently so he usually gets 1 or 2 of the small night crawlers per day but he would gladly eat more. Has anyone had a juvenile axolotl with such a good appetite that hasn't pooped for this long? Just wanting to get some opinions from experienced axolotl owners as to what the problem may be. The vet says that impaction or blockage just doesn't align with having such a good appetite and being able to comfortably rest all day . Sometimes I think his swimming at night looks a little frantic and he likes to stick his nose out of the water in the corners and take gulps of air every so often between laps. He used to do that during the trimethoprim treatment before he would poop and sometimes would float a little (completely level, not tail up) but then sink back down shortly after. He also sticks his nose out of the water or at least near the surface and snaps at bubbles from the air stone when we approach the tub as if to greet us or be ready for that next meal. The vet is inclined to hold off on the Panacur treatment until he poops. I need to get him cleared of these parasites so he can return to his tank that was just replaced along with the filter, chiller and everything that was in it due to the parasites. It is almost cycled again, but he likely has another month in the tubs once he starts the next treatment since it will be 5 days of medication, a break for a week, another 5 days of medication and then a follow-up fecal exam after that. Any opinions on my ramblings are greatly appreciated! His name is "Midnight".
 

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because the anti-biotic/parasitics can affect the gut bacteria constipation may be a side effect which may take time to resolve, whilst he is eating healthily monitor for any bloating, floating or sudden lack of appetite, if the condition continues for to long a laxative may be required.
 
Thank you wolfen for your reply! How long do you think I should wait before it becomes very concerning that he hasn't passed any stool? The vet has a drop-off appointment available tomorrow morning for a re-check and x-rays. I am thinking about taking it in order to get impaction/blockage ruled out and to hopefully get some more information as to what is going on with him. I am nervous about leaving him there for half of the day or more as a drop-off in case his water starts to warm up or starts to build up ammonia quickly in his small transport tub since they will be dealing with other patients/clients until they can get to him. They assured me that he would be fine and they would take care of making sure that his water temperature is stable, but it still makes me very nervous.
 
if the vet is trained to deal with exotic animals (axolotls included) they should be well aware of the unique conditions required and more than able to care for the animal whilst in their care.
whilst he has an appetite the lack of defecation isn't a major concern although due to how the medicine is given he would need to have evidence of defecation before having Panacur administered so that over doses are prevented.
if possible have the waste water filtered through white media ie.. cloth, coffee filter paper etc.. as there could be some defecation just not noticeable.
salmon has been found to help with stool movement and will also help provide vitamins that worms are lacking.
 
if the vet is trained to deal with exotic animals (axolotls included) they should be well aware of the unique conditions required and more than able to care for the animal whilst in their care.
whilst he has an appetite the lack of defecation isn't a major concern although due to how the medicine is given he would need to have evidence of defecation before having Panacur administered so that over doses are prevented.
if possible have the waste water filtered through white media ie.. cloth, coffee filter paper etc.. as there could be some defecation just not noticeable.
salmon has been found to help with stool movement and will also help provide vitamins that worms are lacking.
Thank you again for your reply. I totally agree, they should know what they are doing and be able to easily manage his care for a few hours. I made the appointment and am going to go ahead and drop him off in the morning for a re-exam and x-rays to hopefully get an idea of what is going on and rule out any remote possibility of impaction. I will update this post when I get the results/images. Maybe whatever information I can share here about what he is going through during this parasite treatment, symptoms/complications, what the vet's findings are along the way, and whether or not the medicine ends up getting rid of them after the follow-up fecal exam can help someone else out one day.

I had read about raw salmon being able to move things along. I will ask the vet about that tomorrow too. I'm not sure what an appropriate amount of raw salmon is for a 105g juvenile 8 inch axolotl. I would assume it isn't much and to give it in small pieces. I really appreciate your help.
 
Well, he ended up passing a nice big fairly well formed stool last night and I caught it before I went to bed and swapped him into the other tub. The vet didn't feel that he needed the imaging done this morning due to the passing of the stool so he gets to relax at home today instead. They said that I'm clear to start the Panacur treatment unless I want to wait for him to pass another to make sure that his gut is recovered enough to go more regularly now. I may wait until this evening's feeding time to see if he wants to pass another before/around that time or tomorrow morning to start the medication.
 
Updating this post:

He seemed to be doing better for a while and went through an additional treatment of Panacur for the parasites. He developed floating issues over the last couple of weeks and his appetite has come and gone. As of this last week, his gills have almost totally disintegrated, he has been losing a lot of slime coat, and his weight has dropped significantly. The vet prescribed an antibiotic injection that resolved his floating and boosted his appetite as well as stopped his floating temporarily. I am having a hard time getting the injections into his arm correctly though. After initially saying that my remineralized RO water (seachem replenish and alkaline buffer that brings it to pH: 7.6, dGH: 9, dKH 5, and 0ppm ammonia) that he was living in comfortably for months was fine, they are now saying that it is likely responsible for the slime coat shedding and the gill recession due to his compromised immune system and slime coat since the seachem replenish is chloride based. Our water is incredibly hard at 32 dGH and 18 dKH and is treated with chloramines that test at 0.50ppm ammonia on the API liquid test kit. AI has suggested that I cut it 50/50 with RO water which brings it to ~0.25ppm ammonia, 7.4 pH, 16dGH, 9dKH and treat that with Seachem prime as well as adding some Black tea to the water to sooth his skin. Then acclimate him slowly to it by dropping his tub level to 2 gallons from 4 and then scoop 16oz of 50/50 mix water with the Black Tea in it into his current tub every 15 minutes to acclimate him before completely moving him into the new water after that process is complete. I don't know who to trust! Please help me! I am freaking out because the vet seems to be contradicting themselves and I feel horrible for my little guy. He is literally wasting away and likely suffocating and I need to get him stable so that the antibiotic can do its job. Any help anyone can provide I will be eternally grateful for!!!

I swap him into an identical tub at least once every 24 hours and the temperature is always matched beforehand at about 61-62 degrees F.

@wolfen do you have any opinions about all of this? Thank you for all of your previous responses
 
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it is doubtful that the replenish is causing the skin shed + gill regression (the levels of chlorides are lower than both holtfreters and amphibian ringers solution which are used to treat amphibians in a whole range of situations) chlorides shouldn't be confused with chlorine.
was your axolotl weighed before panacur (fenbendazole) was perscribed, fenbendazole can become toxic at wrong dosages (too much, overdose)
gill regression is done to protect from toxic conditions, slime shed is normally from caustic water conditions ie.. ammonia level, if he is in his tank do a full water parameter check (antibiotics in fecal/body excretions will affect biological filtration), if he is tubbed change water twice daily as ammonia secretions may have increased.
even though his gills are regressed try to provide adequate/good water oxygenation to deter surface gulping, even using dechlorinators can reduce water oxygen levels.
 
it is doubtful that the replenish is causing the skin shed + gill regression (the levels of chlorides are lower than both holtfreters and amphibian ringers solution which are used to treat amphibians in a whole range of situations) chlorides shouldn't be confused with chlorine.
was your axolotl weighed before panacur (fenbendazole) was perscribed, fenbendazole can become toxic at wrong dosages (too much, overdose)
gill regression is done to protect from toxic conditions, slime shed is normally from caustic water conditions ie.. ammonia level, if he is in his tank do a full water parameter check (antibiotics in fecal/body excretions will affect biological filtration), if he is tubbed change water twice daily as ammonia secretions may have increased.
even though his gills are regressed try to provide adequate/good water oxygenation to deter surface gulping, even using dechlorinators can reduce water oxygen levels.
Thank you so much for your reply. He was weighed on his initial exam at 102 grams back in late June. When I took him in last week after noticing a heavy amount of floating slimecoat debris in the tubs and his gills shrinking, he was only at 54 grams. I knew that he was looking skinnier, but I had not realized that he had lost almost 50% of is body mass. He completed a round of Trimethoprim about a month and a half ago and his appetite immediately bounced back stronger than ever and other than it taking him 2 weeks to produce a stool afterwards, he seemed perfectly healthy. He then started the Panacur, but after that medication, which he completed over 3 weeks ago, he just has not seemed the same since. His appetite has never been as strong, he started shedding a small amount of slimecoat a week or so after, and his gills started to shrink slightly at first, but it seems like in a matter of less than a week, they have almost disappeared. The medications were given orally via injection into cut up pieces of earthworm. After doing some research, I think the vet may have prescribed way too much Panacur for him. The dosage as prescribed was 0.05ml daily of Panacur oral suspension (100mg/ml) once every 24 hours for 5 days. It said to repeat that after waiting a week in between, but he was refusing the worms after the first week, he had developed a floating issue where his front end was floating off and on, and he was starting to shed more slime coat, so the vet said to not complete the second round for now. I read somewhere that for an axolotl of his size (at that time, closer to 100g) that is a high dosage and it should only be given once with several days in between each dose, not every day for multiple days. I mentioned this to the vet and they said that the dosage they used came from some treatment book that they referenced. I think they may deal with many more land reptiles and maybe not very many axolotls. They have positive reviews from several axolotl owners, but I just wonder how much actual experience they have in treating them. He is still tubbed and has been for over 2 months now. I feel so horrible for him and I want him back in his tank so badly. The tank, filter, chiller, literally everything was replaced after he was diagnosed with the parasites (coccidia and "heavy hookworm-like parasites") and is now cycled and ready for him to return once he has a clean fecal flotation. Now that he seems to have taken a turn for the worse, I don't know what to do. He has had several normal. well-formed stools now, but the vet doesn't feel like testing the stool is important until we get some blood work done on him and possibly imaging. I don't even know that the imaging is important now since he is passing stool and they are no longer loose, unless they want it for some other diagnostics. I just feel like they have kind of written him off and aren't providing the same level of help that they were initially and there really doesn't seem to be a better option for a vet that will see exotic animals around where I live. They gave me a quote for the blood work and imaging, and a quote for euthanasia. I know that euthanasia might be a viable option for him now, but this is my 11 year old daughter's pet and I've grown very fond of him after losing my whole summer to this tubbing routine so I'm not ready to give up. I just don't know if this vet is actually able to help him or was the cause of his health decline in the first place.

During last week's vet visit, they did prescribe him injections of 0.01mL of Ceftazidime (100mg/mL) and gave him the first injection while I was there. They said to continue with 6 additional injections. one every 72 hours. That evening, his floating resolved, he had a much better appetite, and when I swapped him into the other tub the next day, there wasn't any notable amount of slime coat in the water. However, I found it very hard to inject the next dose and a few days later he was shedding slime coat again so i don't think that I successfully administered the injection that time. I just gave him another dose last night and I think that I got it done correctly this time because so far I am not seeing a large amount of slime coat in the water and he is not floating, so maybe they are on to something with a possible bacterial infection.

Thank you so much for all of your replies both past and present. I really appreciate it.
 
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